Solutions for electrical substation maintenance smc. Substation operation and maintentance alexander publications. Unesco eolss sample chapters electrical engineering vol. Electrical switchgear safety a guide for owners and users this is a webfriendly version of leaflet indg372rev1, published 04 introduction this guidance is for owners and operators of electrical switchgear in industrial and commercial organisations with little electrical knowledge or expertise available inhouse. The substation construction manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but. Chapter 6 focuses on maintenance technologies, particularly the most accepted predictive technologies. These systems can provide automatic notification of required. Lightening arresters, earthing of equipment and fencing is done for this purpose.
Electrical general services substation is a distribution substation from which electric supply is distributed to the different users. The mission of femp is to facilitate the federal governments implementation of sound, cost effective energy management and investment practices to enhance the nations energy security and. Draft manual for maintenance of distribution network, under dhbvn. The cross section of the buried cable should calculated in accordance with the value of the phasetoearth short. Transformers to convert between two transmission voltages, 2. Outdoor equipment such as substations, transformers and. By utilizing the transfer bus and the bus coupler, each feeder circuit breaker can be deenergized. The same substation may have more than one type of configurations, depending of the voltage levels. Ups battery handbook the main characteristics of ups. Solutions for electrical substation maintenance a well planned electrical substation maintenance assures reliable supply and reduction in failures. The following figure shows the singlebusbar arrangement having a dedicated transfer bus. Relay classification, principle of different types of electromagnetic relay. Design and implementation aims to close the gap created by fast changing technologies impacting on a series of legacy principles related to how substation secondary systems are conceived and implemented.
Information is presented on the types of anticipated defects, which demand repair of a gis installation, how much. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather. Basic introduction to maintenance three types of maintenance why do it. This is skilled electrical work in the maintenance and operation of high voltage. Once a transformer is located, its noise level at any distance can be estimated by using standard formulas.
An introduction to electric power transmission presentation. Maintenance and operation of an electrical substation of. Maintenance of a substation is essential to ensure uninterrupted electric supply to the using. Chan encyclopedia of life support systems eolss remote control facilities to enhance the security of supply. Substations a substation is a highvoltage electric system facility. Maintenance basis utilizing the epri tier classification for the substation. Switchgear and protective devices 310 modulei 10 hours protective devices. Lv transformer electrical substation consists, therefore, of the. Important formulas for designing a substation grid earthing system. Volume ii contains a comprehensive list of federal and state permits required for construction and maintenance activities.
Handbook on maintenance of electrical general services substation. The manual is applicable for all substation projects regardless of internalexternal construction delivery mode. Design using design manual, specifications, internal standards. Fundamentals of modern electrical substations part 1. Information about fist transformers,general transformer design dry type and cast resin, protection methods are being referred and more also included in the specific research document. An introduction to electric power transmission 1 western governorsassociation. Home download center electrical engineering books and technical guides power substation guides operation and maintenance of 3311 kv substation existing 3311 kv substation as technology is advancing the consumptions of power is steadily rising.
It is intended to help those who have to define and implement sas, whilst also conforming to the current industry best practice standards. Operation and maintenance of protective relays and. Operation and maintenance of 3311 kv substation eep. To better understand the importance of electrical substations, lets start with a discussion about the structure of the power systems and. The results of the survey revealed that the utility follows a timebased ma intenance concept. In a substation there are numbers of incoming and outgoing circuits each having its isolator, circuit breaker, transformers etc.
The associated field guide is a waterproofed version of this manual, which summarizes key erosion and sediment control points for use by field crews. And also an attempt is made to cover the general maintenance of substation and checks the observations to be made by shift engineer. Report of committee on electrical equipment maintenance. Fink and carroll, standard handbook for electrical engineers. Part 1 also provides an overview of substation major equipment, explaining the mission, and arrangement of each component. The proper maintenance of electrical system not only improves the reliability but. If the transformer contained within the substation is a stepdown, the voltage decreases, and the current increases. Heres a comprehensive reference on how to operate and maintain all the essential components of substations.
Short maintenance intervals frequent opening of gas compartments 2 openings during life time. Design guide for rural substations usda rural development. Operation and maintenance of a gas insulated substation. Preventive, predictive and corrective maintenance presented by. Basics, maintenance, and diagnostics ix contents continued page 6. Limited sf 6handling instruction detailed explained sf 6handling instruction and regulations sf 6 maintenance units with a minimum sf recovering pressure of 50 100. Design of earthing grounding system in a substation grid. It also is used to change ac voltages from one level to another, andor change alternating current to direct current or direct current to alternating current. A major difference between conventional air insulated substations ais and the gas insulated substations gis is that the sf6 gas insulated electrical components are. Facilities instructions, standards, and techniques. Substation maintenance technician city of boulder city. Earthing system is made of a mesh of buried bare copper cable, with additional earth rods, and shall be calculated, being recommended to use ieee std. Ehvehv and ehvhv substations may have several configurations topologies, depending on the requirements of the continuity, the reliability and the quality of power supply.
Solutions for electrical substation maintenance smc substation maintenance is a key part of any plants maintenance program. C substation standards type g, h, and k terminal boxes 26. Handbook on maintenance of electrical general services. Substation construction guidelines explains the steps involved in building substation and in expanding an existing substation. This thesis report is prepared in according to the operation and maintenance procedure of 3311kv substation, including emergency maintenance work. Safety and protection of equipment as well as working personnel is also a considerable factor. Sacramento municipal utility district, section 10, transmission substation equipment maintenance details, may 1, 2004. Further information can be found in national and international standards, such as bs en 502722. Indoor type substations in such type of substations, the apparatus is installed within the substation building. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions.
A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Manual for transmission lines and substation construction. Theres no one answer to a perfect substation maintenance. Such type of substations is usually for the voltage up to 11 kv but can be raised for the 33 kv or 66 kv when the. Inspection, testing and commissioning of electrical. The maintenance of the electrical equipment in substations plays a major role. Chapter 5 looks at the different types of maintenance programs and definitions. Operation and maintenance of protective relays and associated circuits. In case where all transmission lines have the same voltage. Electric utilities are thus required to develop and maintain sound power networks. Common configuration of ehvehv and ehvhv substations. General specifications for the marina power distribution substation. This handbook describes the main characteristics of ups battery systems, with particular emphasis on the leadacid battery type, as these are in widespread use. Philosophy of protection, nature, causes and consequences of faults, zone of protection, requirements of a protective scheme, basic terminology components of protection scheme.
Department of energys federal energy management program femp. A survey on the substation maintenance practices in a saudi electric utility was carried out. While the coverage is primarily about constructing new substations, much of the material is applicable to existing substations. Located near to the endusers changes the transmission or sub transmission voltage to lower levels for endusers distribution voltages varies from 34,500y19,920 v to 4,160y2400 v blast and burn generally associated with fault current. Substations containing stepup transformers increase voltage and decrease current. A mini project report on operation and maintenance of 220 2kv substation submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of. Major maintenance circuit breakers are subjected to an internal component. Pdf maintenance and operation of an electrical substation of 220. Many failures can be detected during the electrical substation maintenance routines, reducing the risk of significant plant downtime, and. Handbook on maintenance of electrical general services substation photo credit. This book is organized as a series of work practices. A mini project report on operation and maintenance of 2202kv substation submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of. A transmission substation connects two or more transmission lines.
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